How to set Margin and Padding

Change the CSS code for h2 to the following:

h2 {
font-size: 1.5em;
background-color: #ccc;
margin: 1em;
padding: 3em;
}

You will see that this leaves one-character width space around the secondary header and the header itself is fat from the three-character width padding.

The four sides of an element can also be set individually. margin-top, margin-right, margin-bottom, margin-left, padding-top, padding-right, padding-bottom and padding-left are the self-explanatory properties you can use.